The State of NY Courts: 2025 in Review

Statewide Snapshot

2025 At A Glance

Published Decisions

In New York, many trial-court written decisions are not automatically published online, and judges have discretion over whether to make written decisions publicly and freely available through the State Reporter database. This data shows how many of each judge's written decisions appeared in that database per year. Higher values mean judges made more decisions publicly accessible statewide; they do not necessarily reflect judges' caseloads or the merits of the decisions. Read more >

Suppression Reversals

When defendants challenge evidence as unlawfully obtained, trial judges decide whether it should be suppressed (excluded) due to constitutional violations. This data shows the percentage of suppression-related appellate decisions across the state where an appellate court reversed a trial judge's denial of suppression in the past year. Read more >

Excessive Sentences

New York appellate courts can reduce a sentence they find 'excessive' or 'unduly harsh' as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice. This data counts how many times appellate courts reduced sentences imposed after trial (excluding guilty pleas) for this reason in the past year. Read more >

Reassigned Reversals

In rare cases, an appellate court not only overturns a trial judge's decision but also orders that the case be reassigned to a different trial judge. This data shows how many times appellate courts ordered reassignment in the past year. Read more >

Favored Commercial Bonds

When a court specifies monetary bail in New York, it must offer multiple alternative forms, including at least one unsecured or partially secured surety bond. Commercial (insurance-company) bail bonds typically involve a nonrefundable fee paid to a bail bond company. This metric shows the percentage of bail decisions (cash, commercial bond, and partially secured surety bond) across the state in the past year where only those three forms were set and the commercial bond's nonrefundable fee was lower than both cash bail and the partially secured surety bond deposit. Read more >

Blocked Affordable Bail

When monetary bail is set, New York law requires courts to include an unsecured or partially secured surety bond among the forms offered. A partially secured surety bond (PSSB) is secured only by a deposit (up to 10% of the bond amount), and that deposit is generally refundable if court obligations are met. This metric shows the percentage of cash, commercial bond, and partially secured surety bond bail decisions across the state in the past year where only those three forms were set and the upfront PSSB deposit was not the lowest-upfront-payment option among the forms offered. Read more >

Public Discipline

This data shows publicly available disciplinary actions (admonitions or censures) issued against judges by the New York State Commission on Judicial Conduct. It reflects public determinations only and does not include non-public outcomes or pending matters. Read more >